Traffic Jam Causes

Nowadays, Traffic Congestion is one of the major problems of mega cities.During a day people are stuck in the heavy traffic and it's really boring.Every year millions of energy spent on.People suffer from some diseases and traffic jam causes lung cancer.In this article,I will be outlining Car production and Public Transportation as two major causes of traffic jam.

The major reason that leads  to traffic congestion is Car Production. The high number of vehicles is caused by the population and the development of economy. For instance,in my country, there are some factories that produce some cars that have a low quality and people who aren't rich buy these vehicles;Therefore, the number of cars has increased and the citizens use their own cars. To solve this problem, the government should encourage people to use public transportation or make tax on private vehicles or restrict  the number of vehicles for each family.These methods may be effective in fact.

 Public Transportation is the second reason for increasing traffic. By having a high quality of public vehicles,people will be encouraged to utilize public vehicles instead of using their private cars.The government plays an important role on improving the quality and the number of public vehicles should be increased and they should make an investment in the traffic facilties. Namely, the public transport needs improvement to become more modern and convenient. In addition, it is useful to build overpasses and more lanes in the streets.

To sum up,In this article we discussed in the above set paragraphs that public transportation and car production are two major causes of traffic jam.To the best of my mind,Car Production is more important than Public Transportation because by reducing the number of cars,people are forced to use the Public Transportation.

Writing Task 1 : The diagram below shows how the Australian Bureau of Meteorology collects up-to-the-minute information on the weather in order to produce reliable forecasts.

This diagram shows that how the Australian Bureau of Meteorology collects information on the weather for producing reliable forecasts. Before broadcasting any news or information, there are some steps to prepare information for example the weather report.

First of all, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology should gather some information via many ways or devices like satellite, radar, drifting buoy.

After gathering information, there is another step that is Analysis and forecasting. In this step, they should analyse
the information in some ways, they might use satellite photo, radar screen or synoptic chart for analyzing.

Next, they should prepare the broadcast with computers. So computers and maybe Internet would play a very important role in this process. They can edit and format news and publish it as well.

Then, news, the weather reports and etc can be broadcasted by T.V newsreader, radio, sometimes recorded announcement.
In a word, this is the steps for preparing up-to-the-minute information on the weather in order to produce reliable forecasts.

The charts below the results of a survey of adult education. The first chart shows the reasons why adults decide to study. The pie chart shows how people think the costs of adult education should be shared.

The first graph shows that adults decide to study for some reasons, nearly 40% of adults study for interesting in subject. But this percentage gradually decline by 9-12% basis   are based on reasons. So 9% of people just study for meeting people.

The result of a survey of adult education in this graph shows that 38-40% of people‘s studying is for gaining qualifications and interesting in subject. In contrast with, only 12% of them are studying to be able to change their jobs.

Approximately 20-22% of adults study because  for the following reasons, including: they enjoy learning/studying, they want to improve prospects of promotion and they think their educations are helpful for their current job.

The pie chart shows that the how costs of each course should be shared but the maximum these costs is individual that is covered by 40% and the minimum of these costs should be provided by taxpayer nearly 25% of it. Employers can support the costs by 35%  . About 40% of the cost of each course should be paid by individuals, employers will help the pay for about 35% and taxpayers can only afford 25% of the share.

To sum up, most adults study for interesting in subject and the maximum amount of the costs of each course should be provided individually so these people should prepare their education costs.

Describe a custom from your country that you would like people from other countries to adopt

Each country has its own customs and traditions. This custom has been practiced for generations and it is considered as a part of the local culture.Some customs are useful for others to follow.In my country one of the most important customs that I would like people from other countries to adopt is "Nowruz".

Nowruz is the name of the New Year in Iranian calendar. It marks the first day of spring and beginning the year in Iranian calendar and it lasts for 13 days. It is to some extent international since it is celebrated in other countries as well,especially those around Iran. Moreover, It is accepted by the United Nations as an international festival.

It is a time of great joy for people.Before Nowruz ,people do house cleaning and it is a part of preparations for the new year.On the last Tuesday before it ,bonfires are lit to jump over and children gather coins. Typically, on the first day of Nowruz, family members gather around the table, with the Haft Seen on the table or set next to it, and await the exact moment of the arrival of the spring. At that time gifts are exchanged. On the eve of the New Year or the next day, the younger members of the family visit the elderly and exchange gifts and presents. Usually they have a formal lunch or dinner together and express the best wishes for each other for the coming year. The last day of the ceremony, that is the 13^th of the New Year, people go to the country to respect nature and to remove evil fate from their lives.

In my opinion, in Nowruz people are happy and children are delighted. It wipes out the enmity and brings joy and friendship to all. People have the opportunity to relax, leave their troubles and worries behind. They can enjoy the nature and go on a trip to other parts of the country or travel abroad.

In summary, I would like to recommend "Nowruz", one of the most important customs in Iran, for people around the world and it would benefit many countries all around the world, so that they can enjoy the present moments.

The 21st century has begun.What changes do you think this new century will bring?

The 21st century has begun, before it happens there were a lot of predictions about its coming. Some people predicted the end of the world and others predicted some changes and events.

I think this century will bring lots of changes in all the fields that are very important in our lives. They have a lot of effects on our lives in very different fields. There are both positive and negative aspects that would mention below.

First of all, in the near future computer controlled robots and machines may replace manual labor and the use of human efforts because of technology improvements. For instance,  we can expect a big change on transportation system.Cars and trains would be changed to the faster and automatic ones. They won't need any drivers and we may take a long distance just in some minutes. The c Computers will improve and they may work with our voice and do our orders without our interferences.

About the next case, the new century will bring some improvements in healthcare and medical science. There are some threatening diseases without any exact remedy like cancers and AIDS, so I expect new century to bring the good solutions for these kinds of illnesses. Moreover , I suppose, we will have lots of artificial parts of human body for replacing into patients ' body  bodies.

Finally, I hope the 21st century to bring some changes in education system like virtual and online schools and universities.
In spite of the fact that we will have a lot of improvements in the near future,there would be some difficulties like new diseases, growing population, lack of energy and fuel or gas. The world has some public problems that can affect our lives in every where such as global warming, air pollution, unknown diseases and catastrophe like earthquake, tsunami and flood. Thus, I hope new century to bring some exact solutions for these problems to save people's lives. For example prediction of earthquake and tsunami before happening is one of these solutions that people need in all over the world.

Taking into account of all these factors we may reach the conclusion that new century will definitely bring some changes in our lives with both positive and negative aspects. All of us have some predictions about future, but no one knows that what is exactly waiting for us in the near future.

When people need to complain about a product or poor service, some prefer to complain in writing and others prefer to complain in person.Which way do you prefer?

There are several ways for people to express their dissatisfaction about a product or poor service. Depending on  personal experiences, lifestyle and emotional concerns, we can find that some people prefer to express their discontent by writing a letter, while others prefer to complain in person.

In my perspective, both ways are good in their situation situations and both of them have some advantages and disadvantages.

About the first way, I think it's easy to write a complaint as a letter and send it to a seller or manager who you bought a product or got a service from. But in some situations it seems pretty difficult to write and explain a problem as a letter. Managers or sellers might not have enough time to read the mail.

So it takes a long time to consider. Moreover, if they can read the complaint they wouldn't interact with you easily therefore they should write another letter for asking some question about that issue when they need.

On the other hand, it’s easy to communicate with sellers or managers then complain about problems. Through this way, we can easily approach them, and then tell them what is wrong with a product or service. 

They can ask us related questions about the problem as well. We can explain a problem. This is a face-to-face interact interaction or meeting that can be more effective and helpful than other ways.

But in this way we should consider some points. We should respect all staff and speak politely and explain carefully and we shouldn't argue with them.

All the factors mentioned above determine me to draw the conclusion that is obviously better to complain about a bad quality product or poor service in person rather than in writing , because we can easily approach a person who is responsible for a company or store or place. Hence it is our duty to complain but in a right way and politely.